Rechtsanwältin
EU Citizens Moving to Germany: Rights & Registration
EU citizens have fundamentally different immigration rights in Germany compared to non-EU nationals. The principle of free movement within the EU means that most of the complex visa and residence permit machinery described elsewhere in this guide does not apply to you.
The Right of Free Movement
Under Directive 2004/38/EC (the Free Movement Directive), EU/EEA citizens have the right to enter Germany, reside there, and engage in self-employment or employment without requiring a visa or residence permit. This right includes the right to enter for any purpose, reside for any length of time, work in almost any profession, access public services on the same terms as German citizens, and bring family members.
Do EU Citizens Need a Residence Permit?
No. EU citizens do not need to obtain a residence permit (Aufenthaltserlaubnis) to live in Germany.
Registration (Anmeldung): A Practical Necessity
German law requires all residents — including EU citizens — to register their residence with the local registration office (Einwohnermeldeamt) within 14 days of arrival. Registration is required for opening a bank account, obtaining health insurance, enrolling children in school, registering a vehicle, and tax purposes.
Work Authorization
EU citizens can work in Germany in any almost occupation without a separate work permit. A few occupations, particularly those in public service and the military, require German citizenship. Self-employment and freelancing are similarly unrestricted.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a German residence permit if I am an EU citizen? No. However, you must register your residence (Anmeldung) with the local authorities.
Can Germany force me to leave? Germany can expel an EU citizen making use of their Right to Free Movement only on grounds of public policy, public security, or public health — a high bar requiring a serious threat.
Can my non-EU spouse join me? Yes, but with some conditions. Your non-EU spouse must obtain a Residence Card from their local immigration office.
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Last reviewed: August 2026 — RAin Fiona Macdonald